Performance Support Is the Ultimate Form of Training That’s Often Forgotten

There’s nothing more powerful yet forgotten or shunned in the training world than performance support. Maybe that’s not 100% accurate. Analysis and design seem forgotten and ignored, but that’s for another post.

Some of the most common forms of performance support are job aids and quick reference guides. There are endless more types, but typically, performance support is any training you can use to help you perform your job better while doing it.

Performance support is essential to the workplace and employee performance success. Why, you ask? Because it helps employees do their jobs more accurately with instruction that helps them perform better. It’s also a great way to learn gradually rather than try to fit too much information in your head at once and experience train brain.

Here’s an excellent example of how a job aid might be used to aid an employee at a manufacturing plant:

An employee must perform a routine maintenance check but only does the task once every few months. That’s easy to forget, so they might not remember precisely how to perform it every time. Instead of relying on memory (a bad idea) or looking up information in a vast reference manual or course, a job aid could be available nearby.

That’s a handy way to provide precisely what the employee needs to do when they need it. It could even be as simple as a quick reference guide at McDonald’s that tells employees how many pickles to put on each sandwich or the size of the catchup dollop.

But performance support can go much deeper. It’s the single most helpful form of training, yet it’s often overlooked because it’s just too simple. The request was for eLearning, or sometimes, the training requirements are made more complex than they need to be.

We’ll discuss all the reasons performance support isn’t as popular as it should be. But first, let’s look deeper at what types of performance support are commonly found in the workplace.

Types Of Performance Support

There are as many types of performance support as people and issues in the workplace. We all have solutions for things we need to do occasionally but can’t remember. Heck, even a sticky note is a type of performance support if it reminds you how to do something.

Not all sticky notes are, though. If it’s there to remind you to do something, that’s just a reminder. But, if you need to remember the steps necessary to request time off, a sticky note with those steps is performance support.

As long as it helps you perform your job or perform your job better, it’s performance support.

So, let’s look at some of the most common types of performance support you’re likely to see in the workplace.

Job Aid

This is by far the most common type of performance support out there. Job aids typically focus on one specific task that employees need to perform, and it walks them through the steps.

The job aid could walk employees through completing a form with tips pointing out important information. It could also explain how they can request time off in their company time clock system.

We’ve designed job aids that span the spectrum of difficulty, from logging into a company system to creating a weekly project status report in ServiceNow. ServiceNow is just one system we’ve built custom company software training for.

Job aids can be one page long or 15. While it’s ideal that they aren’t 15 pages, sometimes that’s still more helpful than a video, course, or digging the information up in a user guide or manual.

We prefer to keep our job aids to no more than five pages, but we realize that’s not always realistic. It’s all about striking the perfect balance of being helpful quickly while keeping it simple.

Quick Reference Guide

This is another excellent (and common) type of performance support. Typically, they’re one or two pages and can be referenced for information about something they need to do in their job. Our example above about a quick reference guide for McDonald’s employees that shows them the basics of each sandwich is a great example. It can be short, sweet, and above all, they’re typically visual (though not always!)

We put together a helpful quick reference guide that helps employees use common keyboard shortcuts for those they don’t remember.

This is simply a one-page document that provides a quick visual overview of all the most common keyboard shortcuts used on a computer.

One of our favorite types of quick reference guides, though, is the software system reference guide. Remember, in every bookstore on the planet, there used to be that rack of laminated guides that showed you the interface of common software systems? It was simply a two-sided document with a screenshot of the software, descriptions of each essential element, and helpful tips.

Those are our favorite because they’re simple, can be kept at employees’ desks, and can quickly tell you a lot of information. How handy is that!? It’s amazing what a quick reference guide can accomplish if done well.

Contextual Help

This is a more modern way of helping employees perform better at their jobs while in the flow of work. For software systems, contextual help is sometimes available to tell you how to do things right in the application. Sometimes, the help even walks you through the process IN the app rather than simply telling you how to do it.

We develop in-app help that does just that. They can provide context about information in the system or even walk employees through a process, aiding them in their performance right in the application. There are several other ways digital adoption platforms can help in training employees.

These tools can even help get employees up to speed (oriented) in a new system more quickly. They can give employees a tour of the new system and how to get around. This is similar to a quick reference guide but interactive and in the application.

Others

As we said before, there are more types of performance support than we could ever dream of. Look around at people’s workstations, and you’ll see many different types of performance support. Not all are practical or useful from a training perspective, but many are out there.

Some of the more useful types of performance support for training are checklists, help systems such as a knowledge base, or even mobile apps where the sole purpose is to help employees perform.

Perhaps instead of making employees memorize every product you have and know what best fits a customer’s needs, you have an app that employees can use to find the best solution for a customer. That could be pretty handy for a furniture store where there’s too much for any employee to know well, especially if there’s high turnover, even after reducing company turnover.

Or, perhaps in a warehouse for picking products. Employees use a map to find different sections is a form of performance support.

You now know some of the most common types of performance support, but why would you do that instead of building a course or training people?

I’m glad you asked!

The Benefits of Performance Support

The #1 benefit of performance support over other types of training is that it’s quick, direct, and easy to use. It’s a great way to increase employee productivity with less overhead while reducing errors and improving performance.

Here’s what we came up with as some of the benefits of performance support.

• Targeted: It’s focused on one task, which makes the barrier to using the information low.
• On-demand access: It’s out of the way when you don’t need it but right there when you do. It doesn’t get any easier to either access or not access performance support.
• Improved performance: Keeps you moving in your job with easy access to learn a specific task.
• Simplicity: Easy to use and know exactly what to do.
• Memory aid: Not dependent on our memory or our tendency to forget.
• Accuracy: Fewer errors and a more consistent process.
• Typically cheaper: Some types of performance support are significantly more affordable than training. If you compare a job aid to a course, the job aid costs less.
• Learning aid: Performance support can reinforce learning and often encourages repetition, aiding learning. This leads to memorization and not needing support anymore.
• Supportive: Performance support can work well with other types of training to enhance its effectiveness and improve skill retention.

It’s easy to attend a one-hour training session and learn a lot of information. The problem is that you quickly start forgetting information the instant it’s over. Performance support can replace some of what would typically be in training and be more effective than training, too.

Training is excellent for tasks performed regularly but doesn’t work well when tasks aren’t commonly performed. Our favorite example is using a company time clock system. It’s helpful to learn in training how to clock in and out since employees do that every day, but learning how to request time off in a training session is not as helpful.

Why?

Because we only request time off every so often. That process will be forgotten before you even need to use it. And, if everything is in the training, then the tasks that are essential to learning right away are less potent and watered down when everything is presented as important. Another way to put it is that nothing is important if everything is important.

That’s why performance support is more important for tasks that aren’t performed regularly but are still important. By combining performance support with formal training, you can have more focused training content and performance support that picks up the rest of the slack.

Training should focus on only the essentials, and performance support should provide the rest of the information needed to perform each task.

Why Performance Support Is Often Overlooked or Avoided

Performance support is so powerful and easy that it’s often overlooked. It’s almost too easy. At least that’s how it appears on the surface. It all goes back to things seeming easy, but they’re not. Getting something short and sweet focused on performing one task succinctly sounds easier than it is.

Too Easy

So, performance support seems easy, and it is almost too easy to the point of being difficult. However, cutting back on information, tasks, and everything else that can be done to keep it simple and focused on performing one task is pretty tricky in reality.

Doesn’t Pay as Well

Then there’s the fact that performance support doesn’t pay that well. A quick job aid can be created in less time than a 15-minute course can. So, it’s not necessarily in the best interest of an instructional designer or learning & development firm that wants to maximize its profit.

That’s pretty shady, yes, but it’s a reality some live in. We always prioritize creating the best training solution for your organization rather than the most profitable for us. So, we won’t ever recommend something to maximize our profits. We think that’s pretty evil.

Working with a good instructional design consultant with ethics and skills means you’ll get the best solution to your business problem.

We go as far as not even recommending training at all if it’s not in your best interest. We’ll do that even if it means missing out on working with you. If performance support will provide the best solution for your problem, we’re all about that solution. If it’s a communication that’s necessary, then we’ll tell you that, too.

We worked on a project where the proposal was to create a course or a video. Both of those solutions were too complicated. After looking at the project’s requirements, our proposal was two job aids, and that’s it.

One job aid was to help employees submit a request for a photo to be used in various company systems. The second job aid was for approvers to review photo requests and apply their best judgment to whether the photo met the organization’s requirements.

It was that simple and much more successful than any other type of training. Less time was wasted, employees got what they needed, and the performance support was easy to use and included within communications rather than making employees go elsewhere for help.

Not New Tech

Performance support can sometimes be technologically complex and shiny yet distracting. But more often than not, it involves using the same software we’ve always used.

Instructional designers like to learn new things, use new tools, and always look for the next big thing. Learning and development has a big issue with always looking for the next big thing.

We’re all for the next big thing, as long as it’s the ideal and best thing, too. But we’re not all for looking for the new shiny tool and playing with it or looking for ways to use it when it’s not necessary. We can’t count how often we’ve seen courses that could have been a handful of job aids.

Sometimes, the good ol’ trusty performance support is more than enough, even if it’s not fancy and complex. It’s all about providing the right solution to employees, not the technology we want to use.

Lack Of Awareness

Some in the training world are unaware of the different types of training available. If you’re an in-person trainer, then that’s what you know and do. It could be that some aren’t exposed to the different training solutions available.

Performance support is the ideal training solution in many situations; it’s just not fancy and held on a pedestal like other training methods. It’s often an afterthought or, worse, overlooked completely or even avoided.

But, beyond just the benefits of performance support, it’s pretty awesome, too. Let’s take a look at why we classify performance support as pretty damn awesome.

What Makes Performance Support Awesome?

We’re all for delivering effective training with only performance support. Even if that’s not possible, performance support is a great tool to use in addition to training. It helps employees perform what they learned in training once they’re back on the job.

That’s pretty awesome in itself, but performance support goes beyond that. It’s a great tool for creating spaced learning. For example, employees may take a training session and forget most of the content. Enter performance support, where they can reference that material and refresh their memory.

Over time, performance support helps cement the knowledge of training and eventually makes its way into long-term memory. If employees use a job aid enough, that information will get memorized, which makes performance support not just a great aid on the job but also a great form of training over time.

We love the simplicity of job aids. It’s the single best way to help employees perform better in their jobs.

That’s pretty awesome in our book.

Wrap Up

No matter what type of performance support you use, it can either wholly replace formal training or enhance it significantly. Job aids are great at helping employees through tasks, quick reference guides are nice for simple informational needs, in-app help is excellent for providing help in times of need, and all the other types of performance support are also helpful.

Employees always find a way to help them perform their jobs better, whether through a sticky note or a quick list jotted down on paper. Sometimes, the best training solution is to formalize those things employees use to do their jobs better and make sure they’re available to all employees.

That way, employees will have the resources to do their jobs better when needed. Performance support will help your employees perform better, work more accurately, and work more efficiently. Performance support is also a great addition to training. It can reinforce the message and help focus training better by putting common tasks in formal training and uncommon tasks in performance support.

While many learning and development professionals overlook or avoid performance support, it should be the first stop at a solution beyond no training at all. The priority should always be to ensure training is the solution; if it is, can performance support solve the problem? If not, other training methods, such as formal courses or instructor-led training should be considered.

If you’re looking to solve a performance problem or thinking about training, we’d love to meet for a free consultation to discuss your project and help you determine if training is the best solution. Our specialty is working with technical training, but we’re always happy to discuss your project, even if it’s not technical.